What is it?
The jaw joint (temporomandibular joint) connects the lower jaw to the skull and sits just in front of the ear. It works constantly when we speak, chew and swallow.
Jaw joint disorders cover a group of problems affecting the joint itself, the disc inside the joint or the chewing muscles. Clenching and grinding, stress, problems with the bite, injury and arthritis of the joint are among the possible causes. Often several factors play a part together.
Who may it suit?
The following complaints may call for a jaw joint examination:
- Pain in the jaw, in front of the ear or at the temples
- A clicking or grating sound when opening and closing the mouth
- Not being able to open the mouth fully, or the jaw catching
- Tired jaw muscles in the morning
- Clenching or grinding habits
- Worn teeth and morning headaches
These signs can also be caused by problems with the ear, sinuses or nerves. When necessary, the assessment is carried out together with the relevant specialties.
How does the process work?
- History and examination. When the complaints started, habits, joint sounds, mouth opening and the muscles are assessed.
- Imaging. If needed, an X-ray, CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is requested.
- Self-care advice. Advice such as avoiding hard foods, not chewing gum, resting the jaw and applying heat or cold is given.
- Night guard. For clenching and grinding, a custom guard made from an impression can be used.
- Supportive treatment. Medication or physiotherapy is recommended if needed.
- Follow-up. Treatment is reassessed according to how the complaints develop.
For most jaw joint disorders, non-surgical approaches are the first choice.
Frequently asked questions
My jaw clicks but does not hurt. Do I need treatment?
Joint sounds that cause no pain and do not limit mouth opening do not always need treatment. The situation is assessed at the examination and monitoring may be recommended.
What does a night guard do?
A night guard stops the teeth rubbing against each other during clenching and grinding and helps reduce the load on the joint and muscles. It does not stop the habit itself.
Does stress affect jaw pain?
Stress can increase clenching and so contribute to pain in the jaw muscles. Becoming aware of such habits is therefore also important in treatment.
What should I do if my jaw locks?
If the mouth suddenly will not open or close, urgent assessment is needed. Details are on the Emergencies page.
Whether it is suitable for you is determined by an examination.